Early Life and Training
Born in 1908 into a Catholic family in Liaoning Province (Manchuria), Kao Chih-Hang began his military career in 1925, entering the army academy as an artillery officer. The following year, he was selected for flight training in France, a pivotal step in his future aerial path.
He returned to China in 1927 and was assigned to Marshal Chang Tso-Lin’s “Flying Eagles” squadron, part of the Northeastern Army. By 1929, his expertise led him to become a respected flight instructor, sharing his knowledge with new pilots.
Rising Through the Ranks
When Japan attacked Manchuria on September 18, 1931, Kao Chih-Hang moved south to join the central government’s aviation forces. He was sent for further retraining in Italy, which further honed his combat skills. Upon his return, he led the 4th Fighter Group and was promoted to the rank of Major.
In August 1937, he and his group retrained on the Curtiss Hawk III, preparing for the imminent conflicts. He participated in numerous aerial battles, demonstrating great courage. In October 1937, he was appointed commander of all Chinese fighter forces, while simultaneously retaining command of the 4th Group.
In November of that year, his group completed training to operate the I-16 fighter aircraft, popularly known as the “Ishak”. This training was vital in the face of the growing Japanese threat, preparing his pilots for the challenges ahead.
A Hero’s End and Legacy
Shortly after the pilots completed their retraining, Choukiakou airfield was suddenly attacked by Japanese bombers. Colonel Kao Chih-Hang was killed under the bombs while attempting to take off in his “Ishak,” in a final act of service. At the time of his death, he had 5 aerial victories to his credit.
Although official Chinese records only attribute 3.5 victories to him, his bravery was recognized. For his actions, he was awarded the three-star medal and posthumously promoted to the rank of Major General, solidifying his place as a national hero. His list of victories includes notable engagements in August and October 1937.